Green Innovation. Nokia Case

High-Tech marketing. Sustainable innovation- Nokia case study Introduction: The technology offers a promise of a better world through the improvements in standards of living. On the other hand, resource extraction, emissions of dangerous materials, and pollution of air, water, and soil have created conditions for environmental catastrophe and have already caused irreversible damage to the Earth.That is why in last few years, companies started focusing on an eco-innovation. Eco-innovation is the development of products and processes that contribute to  sustainable development, applying the commercial application of knowledge to elicit direct or indirect ecological improvements. This includes a range of related ideas, from  environmentally friendly  technological advances to socially acceptable innovative paths towards sustainability (http://en. ikipedia. org/wiki/Eco-innovation). Sustainability can be defined in a variety of ways. The short definition created in 1983 by a UN com mission is:   â€Å"Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs† (http://www. un. org/en/sustainability/index. shtml). The European Union adopted action plans to promote technologies that use less environmentally harmful alternatives.For example, the EU has passed laws requiring energy-using products, such as electrical and electronic devices and heating equipment, to be designed to be more energy-efficient (EPEAT). The Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive (WEEE) imposes the responsibility for the disposal of waste electrical and electronic equipment on the manufacturers. The Energy using Products (EuP) Directive, sets requirements to reduce the environmental impact of products that use electricity across their entire lifecycle.REACH is a recent European Community Regulation on chemicals and their safe use through better and earlier identification of the intrinsic properties of chemical subst ances, especially those containing more than agreed-upon levels of lead, cadmium, mercury, chromium (VI), polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) and polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants. Nokia Corporation is a  Finnish  multinational  communications and information technology corporation. Its principal products are  mobile telephones  and portable IT devices.It also offers Internet services including applications,  games, music,  media  and  messaging, and free-of-charge digital map information and  navigation  services through its wholly owned subsidiary  Navteq. Nokia has around 101,982 employees across 120 countries, sales in more than 150 countries and annual revenues of around â‚ ¬30 billion. It is the  world's second-largest mobile phone maker  by 2012 unit sales with a global  market share  of 22. 5% in the first quarter of that year. Nokia was the world's largest vendor of mobile phones from 1998 to 2012.However, over the past five years it has suffered a declining market share as a result of the growing use of smartphones from other vendors, and devices running on Android  operating system. As a result, its share price has fallen from a high of US$40 in late 2007 to under US$2 in mid-2012. Since February 2011, Nokia has had a strategic partnership with  Microsoft, as part of which all Nokia smartphones will incorporate Microsoft's  Windows Phone  operating system. Its first handsets were released in October that year (http://en. ikipedia. org/wiki/Nokia). Purpose and Mission Nokia’s mission is simple: Connecting People. The goal of Nokia company is to create mobile products that allow people worldwide to enjoy the technology. The key elements of Nokia strategy are: * building a new winning  mobile ecosystem in partnership with Microsoft * bringing the next billion online in developing growth markets * investing in next-generation disruptive technologies * increasing our focus on speed, result s and accountability (http://www. okia. com/global/about-nokia/about-us/about-us/) Nokia follows the concept of the open innovation which lead to forming a strategic partnership with Microsoft that will regain lost place in a smartphone market. Open innovation encourages Nokia-Microsoft cooperation to search and exchange new knowledge, develop products and services to become competitive in the market. I believe open innovation will benefit Nokia and its consumers as it will enhance relationship between producer and users.Although, Nokia is not an energy intensive company because most of the greenhouse gas emissions occur only during manufacturing by suppliers or usage of products, Nokia pays attention to the energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions of its products and operations. The main of Nokia should focus on reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions as well as raising awareness and promoting best sustainable practices in mobile phone industry. In accordanc e to the terms of REACH, Nokia has pledged that the use of chemicals in Nokia products and processes shall be safe to humans and the environment.Furthermore, Nokia is the first company that created climate strategy that concentrates on products, manufacturing, facilities, logistics, suppliers   and customers. So far, the greenhouse gas footprint of Nokia phones has been reduced by up to 50% between 2000 and 2010, while introducing new features and capabilities. In my opinion, Nokia should focus more attention on its customers in encouraging and educating them through use of the products to be more eco-friendly. For example, develop travel applications that help people in reaching destinations quicker and application that encourage people to choose public transport instead of cars.The most useful application would be one that shows the nearest bus stops, train or metro stations, the routs, destinations and the time of arrival/departure. Furthermore, Nokia products should have energ y saving options available in every smartphone model, like switching off online functions (WIFI, internet, GPS etc) when they are not in use for some period of time. Sustainable mobile products Nokia products are eco-friendly as the company uses sustainable materials, develops smaller, recyclable packaging and improves energy efficiency for products.Every Nokia product comes with an eco profile, which explains its materials, energy efficiency, packaging, environmental impact and recycling. Picture 1. Ingredients of Nokia smartphones Adopted from: www. nokia. com/global/about-nokia/people-and-planet/sustainable-devices/materials/materials/ New Nokia products are eco-innovations and have environmental features. For example: Nokia Lumia 820 -automatic screen brightness adjustment, -battery saver feature, -energy efficient charger -contains bio plastics ; recycled metals 100% recoverable as materials and energy -100 % recyclable, minimized package made of -renewable -materials containin g up to 60% recycled materials. Nokia 700 -Power Save mode, -ambient light sensor, -unplug charger reminder, -OLED display, -contains recycled metals, bioplastics, bio paints and recycled plastics -100% recyclable packaging (http://www. nokia. com/global/about-nokia/people-and-planet/sustainable-devices/sustainable-devices/) In my opinion, Nokia should also focus on process of recycling the old phones.For example, when customers want to buy a new Nokia phone, the company should proceed according to The Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive (WEEE) that imposes the responsibility for the disposal of electrical equipment on the manufacturers. The best solution would be buying an old phone off customers for a small price and recycle some parts of the phone to recover the materials which can be used for producing new models. The Research ; Development department should also focus on innovation regarding the new energy sources, for example, solar power.To my surprise I learn t that Nokia already has been testing the Portable Solar Charger as a charging opportunities for people that want to use Nokia smartphones but do not have access to the electricity. Furthermore, in 2006 Nokia introduced small packaging which is easier to recycle. Lighter packaging also reduced transportation costs. In my opinion, Nokia should still work on reducing the use of paper and plastic in the packaging. Some of the packages still have paper information, certificates and instructions which are unnecessary. In my opinion, these ocuments together with the user’s guide should not be included in a package, but available online for all customers. Promotion Nokia promotes its products as eco-friendly in the mobile phone market. The company also raises awareness about environmental issues, education. The perfect way of promoting the company with sustainable values in the world is to improve access to information and communication technologies (ICT) in developing countries. Th is would bring benefits to people who are unable to access these technologies for financial or geographical reasons.The company should offer affordable mobile products and services to help people develop business and employment opportunities all over the world. Nokia has already done it, as it collaborates with UNESCO’s Education for All and uses the mobile technology to develop mobile educational products such as Nokia Education Delivery, Nokia Life and Nokia mobile mathematics. Nokia Education Delivery uses mobile technology to deliver quality education materials to remote, hard-to-reach areas so teachers and trainers can access and download videos and other educational resources.Furthermore, in 2008, Nokia launched a pilot scheme for mobile mathematics in South Africa. Nokia Life education services provide health information and advice on pregnancy, parenting, diseases, fertilizers and pesticides, yield enhancement techniques, market prices, and weather (temperature, rainf all, wind conditions). In my opinion, Nokia company should also promote its sustainable values by taking part in worldwide voluntary actions that promote human rights by ethical labour, high quality of work environment, health and safety and equality. DistributionNokia provides guidance on what expect from suppliers. These requirements include environmental and social expectations, which are based on international standards such as ISO 14001, SA 8000, OHSAS18001, PCMM and ILO, and UN conventions. Thus, Nokia suppliers undergo a number of assessments designed to measure their environmental and social performance. In my opinion, Nokia should also ensure that company suppliers provide safe working conditions, use environmentally friendly manufacturing processes and contribute to reducing the environmental impact of our own operations.Nokia should pay attention to the energy and water consumption, waste generation and greenhouse gas emissions during manufacturing products as well as dis tributing the products to the consumers. If the suppliers do not follow sustainable guidance for companies, Nokia should help them achieve those goals by sharing knowledge and experiences with others. Nokia should also have an open communication system with suppliers, customers, and non-governmental organisations that promote sustainability. Development of the company:Reading the documentation of Nokia company it seems that it is a leader in green- innovation in the market of mobile phones. The company is aware of the impact on the environment and tries to minimize by following governmental laws and introducing own sustainable regulations. However, in my opinion Nokia has neglect the importance of promotion and communication with customers its environmental values. Therefore, I would like to propose my ideas for improving few sectors of the company which can make Nokia more competitive in the market and be recognised as eco-friendly among its customers. 1. Communication and promotio n:Nokia should focus its communication messages on showing that the whole company and its products are sustainable and have well-recognised eco-friendly approach among its customers by presenting posters in the Nokia shops or actively and publically supporting environmental organisations. The company should also encourage customers to become more eco-friendly in their everyday life through encouraging them to participate in happenings and day events. Nokia should communicate its green innovation messages more to the general public and potential customers using media like TV adverts and radio messages or internet actions.It would be good if the company took part or initiate some events and happenings which aim at environmental awareness. I also like the idea of Nokia’s mathematics in schools. This action should be continued and also should be better communicated to schools and parents. It would be a good idea if Nokia would open a charity which helps children from developing c ountries in schools or establish academic grants for children from underprivileged families who have mathematical skills. Furthermore, Nokia should also create a school program for ecology and sustainability in primary and secondary schools.In my opinion, it would be a good idea if Nokia would provide bins in schools for recycling batteries or other small electronic appliances. 2. Pricing: To be more competitive in the fast growing market of smartphones Nokia should keep their prices low and affordable for everyone with keeping the high quality standard of the products. Nokia already has lowered the cost of packaging and transport of products by reducing size and use of paper, this should have a reflection in the phone prices as well. In my opinion, Nokia should make a packages even smaller without unnecessary use of plastic covers and paper in them.All the information about the phone should be available on a website after registering or entering the serial codes together with users ’ guide. Furthermore, to appear more ecological friendly Nokia should buy off the customers the old phones which can be recycled by the company again. This way customers feel like being a Nokia’s customer is profitable, taking care of environment as well. Customers receive a high standard product for a good price and in addition they are also paid for returning the old phone. 3. Research and Development:Nokia research and develop team focus on solutions that enhance the energy efficiency in the products. To more competitive in the market Nokia should invest more money in the R;D department and work on new technologies which will use renewable energy. Research and Development is a vital part of every high-tech company and to be successful in innovations Nokia has to recruits the employers through different channels. In my opinion Nokia should offer studentships and grants for postgraduate IT, engineering students who will work on Nokia products and develop them.Nokia al so should offer many apprenticeships for students and graduates who will bring different approach to innovations and help develop products. This will help the company to improve or create new products as well as encourage creativity of employers. Furthermore, Nokia should be more open to communication with its customers and employ them in the open innovation process as well. For example, Nokia should organise contests for its users which encourages creativity: design a smartphone of the future. People could design their own phones using online Nokia application and for the best

London Poems Essay

Wordsworth and Blake each use language in different ways to present their own view of ondon. They both reveal their feelings through their viewpoint, the way they have structured their poems and the poetic devices each of them use. Wordsworth wrote his ‘On Westminster Bridge’ on September 3rd 1802 as a result of him riding a stage coach over Westminster Bridge. Wordsworth’s view of London from Westminster Bridge is from a fair distance away because he doesn’t describe the ground level in much detail, nor does he describe people with much detail. His view of London is quite broad, â€Å"Dear God! The very houses seem asleep†. Aswell as being far away, he is also situated quite high up to get this broad view that he describes. The time of day in which the poem is set is early morning. He mentions the air being smokeless, â€Å"..in the smokeless air†. His poem suggests that he thought that London was usually a horrible,dirty and mucky place. But when he sees London’s air clear and clean, â€Å"Ne’er saw I, never felt a calm so deep!† This shows he doesn’t visit London very often. Wordsworth’s peom focuses more on the general look of London. He is more concerned with buildings and atmosphere of london rather than the details of people and their lives. ‘On Westminster Bridge’ is written in the form of a sonnet. He tells us about what he can see, â€Å"..ships, towers, domes, theatres and temples..†. His feelings at the start of the poem are more overtly shown, but the farther you read into the poem, his feelings become more apparent.The last six lines or seset shows his feelings about London and how is opinion has changed from his original view of London, â€Å"Dear God!†. He is suprised how differnt London can look. In addition, William Wordsworth uses various poetic devices to make his sonnet have more depth and feeling and to create a picture in the readers mind of how London used to be in his eyes. He uses similes, â€Å"The city now doth, like a garment†. He is trying to make it easier for the reader to create an image in their head by saying one thing is like another. The poem also has personification included, â€Å"The river glideth at his own sweet will†, â€Å"The very houses seem asleep†. One other example is â€Å"The sun in his first splendour†. The personification that he uses gives the pictures in your head some animation by saying that they have human characteristics. Wordsworth also uses symbolism, â€Å"And all that the mighty heart is lying still†. All these methods are each in turn creating images in the reader’s head. Overall, Wordsworth’s poem is a more general view with a change in his point of view within the poem. Blake on the otherhand writes from a very different point of view. he form os his peom differs from Wordsworths. Blake focuses on the people in the city and they are like. Blake’s view is from ground level so includes a lot more detail. Because Blake’s view is much closer than Wordsworth’s, Blake’s view point is much narrower. Blake takes a much closer look at peoples lives and he thinks that this is the key to what London is all about, the people. Blake generally employs different peotic devices from Wrodsworth’s to put across his point of view on London. Blake uses repetition to emphasize his view on London and to try and make it look as if everyone is the same. It also has some metaphors too, â€Å"Mind-forged manacles† and â€Å"..plagues the marriage hearse†. The Blake poem uses hyperbole to criticize London and the sadness and malice of the people who live their. Blake’s London brutally painted is a dark, dirty, disease ridden and deprived place. Unlike the Wordsworth poem, it leaves you in no doubt as to the authors feelings on the subject. Blake’s poem conveys his feelings in a more abstract style, when he uses the people and buildings of London to represent the institutions which they are associated with. He uses the image of a church to criticise religious establishments and a palace to signify the state, and authorities who control it. He gives the image of the â€Å"Soldier’s sigh running in blood down palace-walls†. Here he is attacking the monarchy and government for condemning young men to death by sending them off to fight in foreign wars. Wordsworth and Blake each have different views on London. Wordsworth shows how nice,warm and calm London can look in the early morning, proving people wrong that its not always grimy and dirty. However Blake’s poem is more against London, trying to prove that it makes people miserable and that everyone feels the same way. Both these poems, in my opinion, share feelings of concern and disgust for London. If i had to pick which one I prefered I would choose the Blake poem. This is because the meaning of the words is more clearcut. I accept the point of view of Wordsworth, how it can be clean and not always dirty and horrible as some may think.

FORD BUSINESS REPORT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

FORD BUSINESS REPORT - Essay Example This paper has outlined some of the threats posed by other competitors, the unpredictable future especially on the issue of cheap fuel. The assessment has been done using the SWOT analysis in comparison with the competitors. By the end of this paper, one will understand the appropriate measures the company can take to deal with the competition, threats, opportunities and the stagnant European market, which has seemingly remained impervious to Ford. FORD is an automobile company based in the US states but operates in other countries where it manufactures various types of vehicles. Apart from owning various kinds of vehicles, the company has also bought some shares in other companies. For instance, Wilkins (2011) reported that Ford currently has a 21% stake in Japan’s Mazda. Additionally, Ford in UK owns 8% of Aston martin and China’s Jiangling offers 49% to the same company. The company has other ventures where it has worked with other companies like in Russia, Thailand and Turkey Away from the ventures and acquisitions, the company has gone various hurdles including the 2008 recession that saw many countries’ economies suffer adversely. It is during this time that fellow competitors like GM and Chrysler suffered greatly and only the US government’s efforts saved them. Having survived the crisis, Ford registered encouraging results and in 21012, the company had a $134 billion revenue and $ 5,665 billion profit (Grant 2012). At this time, the number of employees in this company had hit the 164,000 mark making it one of the best companies in the US. The essence of writing this report is to highlight its current position and offer recommendations on how to deal with its weaknesses and threats. Like in any other business, Ford has a number of competitors who could be a threat to its profitability unless measures are put in place. In the US, the number of companies rivaling Ford in the automobile business is pretty big. Firstly, the

Analysis and Recomendation of Marketing strategy of Vodafone Essay

Analysis and Recomendation of Marketing strategy of Vodafone - Essay Example Strategies of an organization should well be able to detail themselves as per the needs of the environment while planning for the future. A framework for any program can well be preferred if it is deeply affinitive to the generalization of a venture or enterprise keeping in mind the quality of methodizing. The one concept firmly oriented towards the creation of values for its customers will conclude with excellence in the target market. Vodafone uses its familiar red logo and retains themes of togetherness, fashion joy and enjoyment throughout its marketing communications. The same uniformity is maintained and followed by Fanta, Microsoft, Nike, Sony and host of other companies. What should be the rational behind this? Is it for fun? Integrated marketing communications see the elements of the communications mix integrated into a coherent whole. As the fight of market shares and quest for product success continue, marketers are employing all the necessary tactics, and methods to give their product a break through, or remain competitive (Brennan, Baines, and Garneau, 2003, Rowley J 2004). One way of doing this is through differentiation, making your product outstanding, by having your values and image (Zineldin M., and Philipson S., 2007). This is known as the marketing communications mix, and forms the basis of marketing (Pelsmacher& Kitchen., 2005) This paper examined the importance of marketing to Vodafone, it current and future market challenges using certain analytical tools and models. Part one of the paper lay emphasis on these models while part three looks at the resources and capabilities that distinguished Vodafone from its competitors. The PESTEL framework can only be used to look at the future impact of environmental factors and that this impact might be

Runaway Jury Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Runaway Jury - Movie Review Example These individuals conduct a selection of jury-centered research programs designed to gather opinions, value-beliefs, and terminology that must be addressed during litigation. To do so they are not above using "reverse engineering" to assure the desired outcome. (Jury Research DOAR) The process is one used in trials, frequently high profile ones. The idea is to choose a jury that favors your party in the litigation. While it is illegal to tamper with a jury, the process of jury selection is designed (supposedly) to provide both sides a fair and equal decision and to deny some jurors the right to serve on a jury based on bias. Reverse engineering takes this a step or two further. In the initial process prospective jurors are investigated, and decisions made as to which would most likely give a favorable verdict. Included in that analysis is an evaluation as to which jurors the other party might reject. From there the trial is "engineered" still more. Witnesses are interviewed and their answers to anticipated question are rehearsed until they become rote. Even emotional responses are practiced until the testimony becomes almost an act, as opposed to an honest and open response to questions. This is legal. It's also more likely to be seen on the side of a case that has more money to begin with, because this type of consulting is not cheap. Public defenders and district attorney offices are unlikely to have either the manpower or the money to utilize jury consultants to a widespread degree. Jury consulting is real, and a lucrative practice in conjunction with the practice of law. Consulting came into its own during the O.J. Simpson trial, when a consultant named Jo-Ellan Dimitrius picked the jury that found him not guilty. (Roberts) What does she do In her own words, "I almost act as a 13th juror I hear a case for the first time. I wanna know what the good is. I wanna know what the bad is, so that we can figure out a way to desensitize or neutralize the negative components." (Roberts) And her resume states: Dr. Dimitrius has not just conducted pre-trail research and picked juries, she has advised many Fortune 100 companies about how regular people - like those who would be on their juries - would respond to their witnesses, claims and defenses. She has addressed the credibility, motivation and general appearance of hundreds of witnesses. She has worked with hundreds of other witnesses - including actors, lawyers, CEO's and people from almost every walk of life - - to help prepare them for trial. (Dimitrius) And she is successful, very successful! As it states in her resume "Dr. Dimitrius has amassed an unparalleled track record in civil and criminal cases, including the selection of the jury which recently awarded $80 million to her client Frances Ford Coppola, in his lawsuit against Warner Bros., and just weeks later, picking the jury which awarded $223,400,000 in damages to her client in the Piscitelli v. Friedenberg, et al. case." (Dimitrius) The movie Runaway Jury does take this process of engineering to an extreme, and Hackman bends and even breaks the law at some points in an effort to achieve the desired outcome. He uses all the technology available to monitor possible jurors and expose their weaknesses, which he then exploits as the trial progresses. At the other end of the spectrum in this movie is the idealistic and honest attorney representing the plaintiff who is

Statistical genetics Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Statistical genetics - Term Paper Example Genetic association assists in finding out if a trait associates with a genetic variation. Statistical exploration of the responsible factors helps to accomplish the objectives. Ideally, genetic linkage is a characteristic of proximal location of genes on a chromosome to cause group inheritance. There is a less likelihood of separation of genes located together. Scientists use linkage maps to determine the position of genetic markers or genes relative to one another. Newton Morton developed a statistical test, LOD score useful in linkage analysis. LOD scores relate the likelihood of finding test data in case there is a linkage in the loci (Posthuma 175). Linkage analysis falls into two groups namely parametric and non-parametric. Parametric analysis adopts that models unfolding the maker and trait loci are well known without any error while the nonparametric analysis makes diminutive axioms regarding the trait model or simply put, it ponders all pedigree information. Linkage disequilibrium is used to describe DNA recombination. Generally, linkage concerns the physical segments of the genome that gives characteristics to a given trait. Various statistical methodologies have been useful in detecting genetic variation and analyzing genotype data. In the recent years, scientists have come up with high quantity genotyping technologies that are cost-effective and assist in understanding the genetic basis of phenotypes of interest. The presence of many SNPs has facilitated the success of statistical genetic studies. The first step in gene mapping used to be linkage analysis (Lin & Hongyu 103). SNPs that have close relationship as far as proximity is concerned can easily co-segregate as a result of linkage disequilibrium. Association mapping is based on theoretical allelic association, which has been more apparent in recent years. The two main approaches that scientists use to map genetic loci are association and linkage analyses. Factors that are

Leadership Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Leadership - Term Paper Example Leadership Leadership can be defined as a process whereby one or more persons influence a group of followers to accomplish a specific goal the way he/she wants it to be done. A leader directs his/her efforts towards the followers who are to try and achieve the common goals together. Leadership might include one or a group of leaders who affect the steps that the followers will follow (Northouse, 2013). Leadership involves taking ethical responsibilities to ensure that there is a good communication linkage and to satisfy the needs of the followers for easy achievement of their goals. A leader should induce others, must be the center of the group and have power to effect change in the followers. Leadership is also viewed in terms of the power that the leaders have towards their followers and it is this power that the leaders utilize to effect change in their followers (Giuliani & Kurson, 2002). In this context, power can be said to be the capability or the potential to influence others in regard to their belief, attitude, culture and even course of action (Northouse, 2013). ... There are different bases from which leaders derive their power which are referent, expert, legitimate, reward and coercive, all which increase the leaders potential to influence the attitudes, values, beliefs and behavior of others. Referent power is power that is got from the followers liking and identification of the leader while expert power is power that is derived from the knowledge and the competence that a leader has in a certain sector. Legitimate power is the power that is derived from having status or formal job authority in an organization while reward power is that which is derived from the capacity of rewarding others who in turn recognize the person as a leader. On the other hand, Coercive power is the power that is derived from the ability to penalize or punish others in an organizational set up. (Northouse, 2013). In an organization, there are two main bases of power which are position and personal power. Position power is derived from position or rank while personal power is the power that an individual gains from recognition and liking by others. Management On the other hand, Management is the act of organizing and coordinating all the activities to achieve the desired goal and it involves planning, organizing and controlling the organization (Northouse, 2013). A manager has the power and responsibility to make a decision and also the responsibility of organizing the staffs to nurture skills develop their skills as well as to maximize efficiency in performing their duties. Management focuses on defining the purpose, seeks order and stability on the objectives in an organizational set up. Management can also be said to be a unidirectional process geared towards coordination of managers and subordinates to join efforts towards achievement of

Leadership in a Global Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 3

Leadership in a Global Environment - Essay Example Management at the global level has resulted in a massive capacity strain on leadership and leadership strategies owing to the multicultural nature of the staff. In a multicultural managerial environment, leaders encounter a workforce with varying religious, political, cultural and racial backgrounds. As such, they view numerous things that are relevant in the workplace differently. The difference in the views may result in conflict among members of the workforce or between the management and the staff members (Griffin 2006, p. 72). For an entity seeking to establish a subsidiary in a different country, it is vital for the leadership of the company to adopt a leadership style, which will resonate well with the culture and the ideals of the new country. If such factors are overlooked, the human resource department will experience many challenges that will result in reduced output per employee. Some societies value individualism, for instance, in the western nations while other societies focus on projects, which will uplift the society in its entirety. The leaders in the multicultural managerial environment must remain alive to the complexitie s that result from diversity. Diversity is a great asset to a company since different people bring different skills and perspectives in the entity. However, if leaders fail to manage diversity shrewdly, it becomes an impediment to the management. Multicultural workforces have become symptomatic with global entities. Hence, one of the steps the leaders should undertake is to ensure that the mission and vision coined are global in nature. Most of the missions and visions will be a reflection of the ideals of the country of origin (Toyota 2014 p.1).

Analyze, using examples, the argument that an informal economy will Essay

Analyze, using examples, the argument that an informal economy will always exist in any society in which there is a formal economy - Essay Example cerned about the informal economy running in parallel with the formal economy - with the legal activities escaping the tax net, and the illegal activities hoodwinking the law enforcement agencies. Hence one comes to accept the fact that in any society with a formal economy, the informal economy exists too. â€Å"The hidden or informal economy is usually taken to mean any undeclared economic activity† (Grabiner, 2000). An economic activity remains undeclared either for the purpose of evasion of taxes or because it is prohibited by law. Informal economy is thus a burden on the state, since the major part of it is illegal and even when it is legal, it leads to tax evasion or undue claims by the so-called unemployed on social security system like unemployment / medical / other benefits. Undisclosed income or black money may be put to fuel further growth of informal activities, because it cannot be openly used for any legal purpose. construction sector, consulting in professional services sector, seasonal labour in farm sector etc., all paid for by cash-in-hand. To the extent these legal activities go unreported to the authorities, they form a part of the informal economy. Coming to the illegal activities, which obviously will not be reported to the authorities, they may be financed by the undeclared profits of legal businesses (Grabiner, 2000, p.1). Trading in smuggled goods / prohibited substances like drugs, gun running, trafficking, exhibition of prohibited cinematographic works (pornography) etc. are common examples of illegal and criminal activities in the informal economy. To add to this, there are many devious ways by which black money is generated, exploiting the loopholes in the framework of legal economic activity. For example, under-invoicing of imports to cheat on customs duties, or over-invoicing of exports to claim export subsidies, are two of the common sources of generation of black money. To facilitate completion of such transactions, further

Nursing Rresearch Utilization Project Proposal on Alternative Pain Essay

Nursing Rresearch Utilization Project Proposal on Alternative Pain Management - Essay Example Philosophers, psychologists, biologists and pharmacologists have attempted to understand pain based on an interdisciplinary approach. With technological advances and centuries of research, have led to an in depth of comprehension of pain mechanisms and accordingly several theories have been put forward over the years to explain the mechanism of pain. While the classical theories stressed the physiological aspects of pain, the multidimensional theories included the physiological as well as psychological, cognitive and social aspects of pain (Gatchel et al., 2007). The pain pathway involves three neuron route that carry pain stimuli from periphery to cerebral cortex: the primary afferent neurons, the dorsal horn of spinal cord where primary afferent neurons synapse with second order neuron (SON); and finally the third order neurons (TON) that synapse with SON in thalamic nuclei. Each of these routes involve several alternative pathways. The receptors and the fibers associated with pain perception in peripheral receptor system are known as nociceptors which can be of different types depending on the nature of stimuli received. However there are also two more dimensions to pain perception besides nociception. The individual’s description or assessment of experiences that he labels as pain and the emotional reaction to the pain perception forms the second dimension. The third dimension encompasses the social aspects of pain (Gatchel et al., 2007). Professional aid for pain management becomes essential when it restricts or interferes with daily activities, or when self care techniques fail to provide relief. The ultimate treatment goal for pain is the alleviation of pain symptom and improvement of individual functional ability. Due to its complex nature, pain management is rendered a challenging and multifaceted task. In accordance care providers today incorporate and utilize varied techniques including patient education, medications, physical therapies, relax ation techniques, psychosocial counseling, surgical procedures, injection techniques, various alternative medicine modalities for effective and intensive pain management (Gatchel et al., 2007). Based on this premise the current project proposal aims to explore the available and prevalent alternative pain management techniques and their comparative efficacies. B. Solution description Mind/Body Medicine During the last three decades many researchers have begin to explore the interconnections between mind and body; and have attempted to understand the hitherto unexplored efficacy of most traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda and Tibetan medicine. This has led to the emergence of the new field of psychoneuroimmunology. Mid body techniques are based on three premises; relation of body and mind, ability of body to heal itself and role of care provider in restoring health. This field includes techniques such as psychotherapy, hypnotherapy, and guided imagery. Psychotherapy Psych otherapy approaches are based on the interdependence of stress and pain forming a vicious circle. They therefore provide relaxation therapies to develop a sense of control, change the mode of dealing with pain and decreasing levels of discomfort. Hypnosis, music or audioanalgesia and other relaxation techni

Innovation in Cipla Essay Example for Free

Innovation in Cipla Essay

How to Not Get Your Head Ripped Off By a Bear Essay Example for Free

How to Not Get Your Head Ripped Off By a Bear Essay Please be aware before you read that if you have already encountered a bear and had your head ripped off then this will be at no help to you and you should stop reading now. To those of you that are reading this for entertainment, I want to ensure you that bear attacks are a serious matter and many of you walk through the woods not knowing what dangers await you. The horrifying truths of the woods start with bear attacks. You may think they are rare now, but in reality bears are large hairy monsters just waiting for a chance to rip your head off and lurk through your trashcans. I hold right here the steps of survival and the tools you will need to not get your head ripped off. If you continue to read then please follow every step accordingly and do not wonder off or skip a step. The first thing you need to know is the tools to not get your head ripped off by a bear. The first thing you must never forget is a cool head. I am not saying to stick your head into a freezer for one hour and walk around in the woods. A cool head simply means to stay calm. When you see the ferocious bear you will want to run off screaming like a little girl, which will result in you tripping over your own two feet and getting your head ripped off. The second tool you will need is extremely good acting skills. If you can outsmart your dumbest friend, then you sure can outsmart a bear. If you need some help on your acting I am sure you can go to Books-A-Million and buy Breaking into Acting for Dummies for only about $16.00. The last tool you will need is a new pair of underwear. When even the biggest man faces this beast he will not be able to hold the pee in. Don’t be embarrassed of the new wet spot that surrounds that area, because it is completely normal and we all understand. Some optional tools you might want to consider is a killer right hook and a large, abnormal pet that can eat the bear. Now that you know the tools of not getting your head ripped off by a bear, you now need to learn the process. You are now walking through the woods and you look to your left and see a large bear. Luckily, he is too busy scratching its butt on the tree to notice you. You need to back away slowly and step very soft upon the leaves crushing underneath your feet. Make sure you also look behind you will walking backwards in case a tree limp inches itself in your way and trips you causing a loud noise. Once you are out of the bear’s sight, choose a comfy sitting spot and stay put for about thirty minutes. I recommend you singing Baby by Justin Bieber so that the bear knows you are there, and when it chooses to leave and it will most likely avoid you simply because you are singing that song. Also avoid eating at all costs. You may want those sweet and salty peanut butter crackers in your bag, but the bear will smell them and will charge after you wanting the food. This will result in you getting your head ripped off. If you think that the coast is clear and you are ready to resume your walk, stand up slowly looking around you. I recommend singing Friday by Rebecca Black just to make sure no bear while come within singing distance of you. Even the bears understand how repulsing that song is and will run away crying if the tune even rings in their ears. But even though you sang the song, you are the unlucky person on this day that runs into a bear still. In this particular situation, do not make eye contact. The bear will take the eye contact as a direct threat to his authority and he will rip your head straight off your body. This time he might even take the opportunity of ripping your arms off as well. Instead, back away from the bear very slowly and speak kind words. For example, try saying that he looks extremely handsome today or maybe try telling him that you are just an innocent person and do not mean any harm. I am sure he can hear everything you say perfectly. Remember to avoid eye contact. Tip: Now would be a great opportunity to make sure you are right with God. Oh no! The ferocious bear has started charging at you. Whatever you do, do not think you can outrun the bear. He may be 365 pounds of pure meat, but he will chase you down and automatically rip your head off. So the best thing you can do in this situation is to stand perfectly still like you have been frozen solid. When the bear hopefully stops charging, try backing away slowly and singing I Will Survive softly to the bear. If you have followed all these steps perfectly and for some reason this bear is out to get blood, then quickly curl up in a ball. Protect your head with your arms so that he cannot just swipe your head right off. Now this is when the optional tool of a killer right hook comes in. If you can, try using your special tool and knock that bear right in the nose. He will feel the authority you withhold and walk right on with his business, like catching fish or maybe even attacking another human or their trashcan.

The meaning and of managing change

The meaning and of managing change The word change itself tends to be very confusing and everybody fears and tends to refuse change. If you ask any employee about change, he/she will have negative responses to change. Despite being complex and confusing yet it is very important due to the changing economic situations facing the world nowadays. However, the meaning of managing change varies according to people. For some people it maybe, a new way toward success for others it may be seen as a way to put its business onto new waves and so on. According to Michael Armstrong, Change management is the process of achieving the smooth implementation of change by planning and introducing it systematically, taking into account the likelihood of it being resisted. Success of implementing change depends largely on the way change it is managed. In this chapter, there will be an overview on different perspectives, importance on change management, including various tools used by researchers to asses change management. 2.2 CHANGE MANAGEMENT 2.2.1 Conceptual matters A.P Sloan (1967) stated that The circumstances of an ever-changing market and an ever-changing product are capable of breaking any business organization if that organization is unprepared for change. In other words, if an organization decides to change it cannot just happen it should be managed properly. 2.2.2 Typologies of change There three types of changes namely: Strategic Change Strategic change is defined as changes in the content of a firms strategy as defined by its scope, resource deployments, competitive advantages, and synergy (Hofer and Schendel, 1978). It is about changing the organizational vision, mission and objectives for a longer term for its betterment. Operational Change Operational change consists of changes occurring in the organizations structures, new systems, procedures or technology, which will contribute towards a better human productivity or increase profitability. According to Gartner, operational change is primordial in the provision of a high IT service quality. Transformational Change Transformational changes occur when there is a shift in the organizational culture resulting from a change in the organizational processes and strategies. 2.2.3 Change Process It is important for organization to understand the change process steps well and subsequently initialize those steps. According to Robert Bacal, it comprises three phases; preparation stage, acceptance stage and commitment stage. Figure 2.0-The steps in the Change Process Preparation Phase: Contact Stage: The very first stage whereby, an individual have direct contact with the possibility of change occurrence. Awareness Stage: The individual is aware that change is being considered. Acceptance Phase: Understanding Stage: Occurs when the individual shows a certain degree of understanding of the nature and intent of change. Positive Perception: The individual starts developing a positive view about change. Commitment Phase: Installation Stage: The change is being implemented and operational. Adoption Stage: The individual has now adopted the change and it is being long time enough to exhibit its positive result and impact. Institutionalization: Change is fully incorporated in the organization and has shown its worth, durability and continuity and is now considered as a routine operating procedures. Internalization: Individuals have become committed to change as they themselves consider it as compatible with their working behaviours, goals and organizational systems. 2.2.4 Change Models Over the past years there have various change models being used, some of the models are described below. Kurt Lewin (1951), The basic mechanisms for managing change In this model Lewin talk about three processes; unfreezing, changing and refreezing. Unfreezing implies changing the current attitudes and behaviours existing at the workplace. However, this process can lead to resistance, so change agent should analyze the possible problems and resolve them. Besides, changing is a process of transition whereby, change starts to be operational. While refreezing occurs once change is implemented and is in need of stabilization. Nevertheless it is a time consuming process, as people will have to adapt to this new development. The process is shown below: Figure 2.2- Lewin Three-Stage Approach to Change There is also a methodology proposed by Lewin for analyzing change, known as Field Force Analysis. This method analyzes the restraining or the driving force which will have an effect on the transition. The restraining force includes those who have a negative view on change. It assesses which one of the two forces has the balance of power. Subsequently, it allow practitioner to take necessary meausres to increase driving force and decrease restraining force. This can be illustrated diagrammatically; Figure 2.3- Source: http://www.valuebasedmanagement.net/methods_lewin_force_field_analysis.html Richard Beckhard (1969), change programme Beckhard initiated the following processes; The organization should set out desired goals and future organizational conditions after the change. Identify the current situation of the organization in relation with the goals. Identify the activities and commitment required during the transition to meet future goals. Develop appropriate strategies and action to manage this transition, taking into account factors that might affect this change. Beckhard alongside with David Gleicher developed a Change Equation which is shown below: Figure 2.3-Source: http://www.greatleadershipbydan.com/2009/01/beckhards-change-equation.html According to them the above factors is necessary for any organizational change, which is applicable before and after the change. Keith Thurley (1979) five approaches to managing change According to Thurley, there are five approaches to manage change which are; Directive This is done without any consultation and is imposed onto the people in times of critical situation or when other methods have failed. Bargained Here change is being bargained whereby employer and employee discuss, negotiate, and compromise before implementing change. The views of the employees are being taken into consideration. Hearts and minds This approach force to change the current attitudes, values and beliefs of the workforce. Through this approach, management seeks commitment, and shared vision from the workforce which does not mean participation. Analytical Analytical approach demonstrates clear definition of problem by diagnosing and analyzing the situation. Afterwards, collect data to set objectives and design change process and finally evaluating the result. This theoretical approach is very difficult to do in practice. Action-based It starts with a broad idea of the problem and it uses trial and error to get a better solution. It is less analytical and more involving. 2.2.5 Resistance to Change People resist change because they fear of the unknown, and thus create negative feelings about change. People want stability and equilibrium in their lives as well as working life and so resist changes. 2.2.5.1 Joan Woodward (1968), reasons for resisting change According to Joan Woodward (1968), resistance to change are due to: Fearing the unknown Many people are suspicious about change because it will disturb their method of work, or working conditions, thus they have a feeling of insecurity. Economic fear People may feel if changes occur they might lose their job. Inconvenience They think changes will make their life difficult. Symbolic fear Changes may affect some symbolic issues that people are attached to, like separate offices etc. Threat to interpersonal relationships They believe that changes may disrupt their working relationships. Menace to status and skill They tend to associate change to a method of de-skilling or a reduction in the status level. Competence fears If changes occur, they fear that they will not be able to adapt to new working demands and lack competencies. 2.2.5.2 Overcoming resistance to change Resistance to change is a problematic situation which organization should overcome. Organization can use the Six Change Approaches (Kotter and Schlesinger) to deal with resistance to change, for example: Education and Communication One of the reason people resist change is because, there is a lack of sharing of information. So management must, share and communicate information about the motives behind the change to its people. Participation and Involvement When employees are involved and participate in the change, they are more enthusiasm about change and hence do not resist change. Facilitation and Support Upper management must support and facilitate the transition; they should help them to overcome their fears, through counseling, mentoring and so on. Negotiation and Agreement Managers may negotiate with group of employees which possess enough power to influence resistance to change. They may offer incentives or make agreement between them to combat resistance. Manipulation and Co-option Kotter and Schlensinger have proposed a method of manipulation and co-option when all other methods seem to be ineffective. This technique manipulates people who are resisting change. An example can be, giving a symbolic role in decision making to a leader. However, if they find out they are manipulated, they will drive resistance to change higher. Explicit and Implicit Coercion This is the last resort that managers used, that is forcing employees to accept change, this can be effected through fear, by threatening employees lost of job, no career prospects and so on. 2.2.6 Implementing Change Nadler and Tushman (1980) have developed some guidelines for effective implementation of change: Motivate people to accept and adapt to changes. Good management and control should be ensured during and after transition through communication and proper image of the future. Ensure that politics dynamics support changes rather than reject it. Build stability of new structures and changes. In addition to these guidelines, changes will take place smoothly with the help of a change agent who can be internal or external. 2.2.7 Organizational Transformation Organizational transformation as per Cummins and Worley (2005) is A process of radically altering the organizations strategic direction, including fundamental changes in structures, processes and behaviours. John P Kotter ((The Heart of Change, 2002) introduced strategies for organizational transformation, which is summed up below: Increase urgency Make real and achievable objectives and drive motivation. Build the guiding team Build a team with right people possessing right kind attitudes, skills, commitment and so on Get the right vision Make the team build simple vision and strategy and focus on emotional and creative aspect for more efficiency Communicate Communicate to people and encourage them to participate. Empowerment Organization should empower its people, remove all obstacles, provide 360 degree feedback, support and recognize and reward them accordingly. Create short term wins Create short achievable aims, which are easy to attain. Organizations should also finish existing aims before starting new ones. Never give up Always encourage and motivate and communicate forecasted results. Stabilize change Once change is implemented should make it stick, by creating a culture of change in the organization. 2.2.8 Role of HR in managing change According to Ulrich (1997) the key role of HR practitioners during change, is to act as a change agent and thus provide for organizational transformation and cultural change. 2.2.8.1 HR practitioners as change agents There are four dimensions according to Caldwell (2001) that classify HR change agent: Transformational Change These are changes having a great impact on HR policies and practices of a business. Incremental Change It is gradual modification of HR policies and practices that have little effect on its activities. HR Vision Set of values and beliefs relating to HR functions which are a strategic business partner. HR Expertise HR professionals can use their expertise and knowhow to contribute for business success. 2.2.8.1 HR contribution in change management Ulrich (1998) says that HR practitioners are not fully comfortable or compatible in the role of change agent. Therefore their duty is not to perform change but is to ensure that change is implemented. Their contributions are mostly about implementing structures, systems etc that support change. So they will have to motivate, communicate and involve people in change management. HR specialist must also provide proper training and development programmes so that employees can upgrade their skills, behaviours to adapt to change. 2.3 Conclusion Changes always happen, so to remain up to date organization should invest in change management. Upper level management should feel the need for change and communicate to its people. Additionally, management should never be demotivated even if there is resistant, they should be perseverant and continue to encourage people to accept change. You should be the change that you want to see in the world Mahatma Gandhi. Information from this literature was used to develop the research methodology in Chapter 4.

Regarding Indefinite Administrative Detention Essay example -- Politic

Regarding Indefinite Administrative Detention Blind patriotism and resounding public support of President Bush’s ‘War’ on terrorism after the events of September 11 th have allowed considerable leeway to be taken by the Federal Government in terms of indefinite detention of non-U.S. citizens in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. But all the flag waving seems to have helped a lot of people dismiss the idea that, even though the detainees taken from Afghanistan in the past year are not U.S. citizens, they remain innocent until proven guilty according to American legal principles. One might ask: ‘if the suspects haven’t been proven guilty in court (or the remarkably prosecutor-friendly military tribunals), how can they be, for all intents and purposes, imprisoned while innocent (without violating numerous constitutional, statutory, and international laws)?’ The answer is that, because the detainees have NOT been charged with any crime, they are held as enemy combatants. Once deemed a threat to national security by Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld, they are subject to the restrictions of Wartime Internment: â€Å"according to the Geneva Conventions, captured combatants may be detained without charges until the end of active hostilities.†(Mariner) The procedural laws governing detention of aliens lie in a complex net of statutes declaring the rights of the government to detain aliens under different situations. When Donald Rumsfeld says that the end of active hostilities will come â€Å"when we feel that there are not effective global terrorist networks functioning in the world† (Mariner), the importance of looking at exactly what the Supreme Court has to say about detention regulations becomes increasingly clear: indefinite detention could v... ...tizens as a fair, just, and prudent tactic to serve the goal of winning a seemingly impossible, rhetorical war.(Mariner) But while the moral issues revolving around preventative administrative detention remain, the court in fact resolved Zadvydas in an ethically sound, legally justifiable manner. WORKS CITED Carter, Lief. 2002. Reason In Law: Sixth Edition. New York, NY: Longman. Mariner, Joanne. May 28, 2002. Indefinite Detention On Guantanamo. Retrieved October 19, 2002, from http://writ.corporate.findlaw.com/mariner/20020528.html Ramasastry, Anita. Oct. 5, 2001. Indefinite Detention Based Upon Suspicion: How The Patriot Act Will Disrupt Many Lawful Immigrants’ Lives. Retrieved October 19, 2002, from http://writ.corporate.findlaw.com/ramasastry/20011005.html Zadvydas v. Davis, et al. U.S. Supreme Court. Argued, Feb. 21, 2001. Decided, June 28, 2001.

Two Great Works :: essays research papers fc

Two Great Works Thesis Statement: The morals and themes in both the book and the movie are parallel in the story of racism and Alabama life in the 1930’s told through a young girl’s eyes (Scout). I. Introduction A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Comparing the book to the movie B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Challenges of director II.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Differences between movie and book   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Characters   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aunt Alexandra   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Miss Maudie   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Morals and themes of the book the are same III.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Deletions of situations that appear in book and not in the movie A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mrs. Dubose and Jem’s lesson 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Atticus’s lesson 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  courage   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tom Robinson’s trial   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  left hand on the bible   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  cup toss   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  affect on audience   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Passing of time   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  two years in book   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  one year in movie IV.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Similarities   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Morals   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Themes   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  innocence   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  prejudices V.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Conclusion Garcia 1 Two Great Works It is funny how when some infinitesimal facts, situations, and characters are changed in the making of a movie from a book, the morals are changed and concepts are not fully understood. This however, is not the case when comparing the book To Kill A Mockingbird to the movie To Kill A Mockingbird. The morals and themes in both the book and the movie are parallel in the story of racism and Alabama life in the 1930’s told through a young girl’s eyes (Scout). A director has many challenges to overcome when making a book into a movie because of the simple fact that the visual pleasure one gets is different from the pleasure of reading that an audience gets. Therefore, deletions, combinations of characters, and changing of scenes is necessary in order to correctly adapt a film to a book.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many differences between the movie and the book. While watching a movie, one can not keep track of as many characters as when reading a book. A book takes a lot longer than two and a half hours to read, which is about as long as or longer than most movies. Since there is only a short time to comprehend characters, the shorter the list, the better. In the book there was a character named Aunt Alexandra. Aunt Alexandra is Atticus’s sister and moves in with Atticus, Scout, and Jem in order to help raise the children. In the movie, Miss Maudie helps atticus raise the children and helps teach Scout to become a lady. Though Miss Maudie is also in the book, the movie combines Miss Maudie and Aunt Alexandra into just Miss Maudie. The deletion of Aunt Alexandra had not real negative impact or decline of worth on the movie. It did not change any of the morals or themes that were adapted from the book to the film.

Why Hybrid Cars Should Not Be Purchased Essay -- Automobiles

As the gas price is rising up to 140 cents per litre in Canada, many people switch their vehicle to gasoline-electric hybrid car to gain savings from the better fuel efficiency. Many potential consumers for hybrid vehicle and hybrid vehicle owners think that the hybrid system is worth the extra penny due to better fuel economy. However, the realistic is that it has higher maintenance despite of its outstanding fuel economy figures. In fact, the hybrids cause more environmental damage than conventional petro powered vehicles and there are better alternatives. Therefore, hybrids should not be on consumers’ shopping list due to a numerous negative facts that consumers are unaware of. Many Automobile manufactures want consumers to believe that hybrids are cheaper to maintain despite of its higher MSRP or Manufacture’s Suggested Retail Price. Therefore, many people assume hybrids pay off at every pump at gas station which eventually will cover the higher purchase price. However, that is not the case. As a comparison, Toyota Camry LE has base price of $23,700 whereas Hybrid is $3300 more expensive than base Camry to get all the hybrid technology. According to Edmunds.com, there will be a difference in ownership cost after four years of purchase for hybrid vehicles. Therefore, leasing consumer would lose money which they believe they gain back. Also, if the comparison is between two luxury sedans such as Lexus LS 460 and LS 600h, it would take it would take 102.6 years to make up the difference (HowStuffWorks). Also in long run, which most of the Canadians choose to do with their car, the nickel hydride battery pack will have to be replaced. Although, many man ufactures offer 160,000km or 8 years for hybrid components warranty (Toyota.ca... ..., Kristen. "HowStuffWorks "5 Reasons Not to Buy a Hybrid"."HowStuffWorks "Auto". N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Apr. 2012. . 2. Reed, Phillip. "True Cost to Own (TCO) Calculator on Edmunds.com."New Cars, Used Cars, Car Reviews and Pricing - Edmunds.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Apr. 2012. . 3. "TOYOTA CANADA: Camry Hybrid > Warranty ." TOYOTA CANADA: TOYOTA.CA LANGUAGE. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Apr. 2012. 4. " Lexus.ca - Language Page / Page de langue." Lexus.ca - Language Page / Page de langue. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Apr. 2012. . 5. "Honda." Honda. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Apr. 2012. . 6. "Does a Prius Consume More Energy than a Hummer?." Does a Prius Consume More Energy than a Hummer?. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Apr. 2012. Why Hybrid Cars Should Not Be Purchased Essay -- Automobiles As the gas price is rising up to 140 cents per litre in Canada, many people switch their vehicle to gasoline-electric hybrid car to gain savings from the better fuel efficiency. Many potential consumers for hybrid vehicle and hybrid vehicle owners think that the hybrid system is worth the extra penny due to better fuel economy. However, the realistic is that it has higher maintenance despite of its outstanding fuel economy figures. In fact, the hybrids cause more environmental damage than conventional petro powered vehicles and there are better alternatives. Therefore, hybrids should not be on consumers’ shopping list due to a numerous negative facts that consumers are unaware of. Many Automobile manufactures want consumers to believe that hybrids are cheaper to maintain despite of its higher MSRP or Manufacture’s Suggested Retail Price. Therefore, many people assume hybrids pay off at every pump at gas station which eventually will cover the higher purchase price. However, that is not the case. As a comparison, Toyota Camry LE has base price of $23,700 whereas Hybrid is $3300 more expensive than base Camry to get all the hybrid technology. According to Edmunds.com, there will be a difference in ownership cost after four years of purchase for hybrid vehicles. Therefore, leasing consumer would lose money which they believe they gain back. Also, if the comparison is between two luxury sedans such as Lexus LS 460 and LS 600h, it would take it would take 102.6 years to make up the difference (HowStuffWorks). Also in long run, which most of the Canadians choose to do with their car, the nickel hydride battery pack will have to be replaced. Although, many man ufactures offer 160,000km or 8 years for hybrid components warranty (Toyota.ca... ..., Kristen. "HowStuffWorks "5 Reasons Not to Buy a Hybrid"."HowStuffWorks "Auto". N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Apr. 2012. . 2. Reed, Phillip. "True Cost to Own (TCO) Calculator on Edmunds.com."New Cars, Used Cars, Car Reviews and Pricing - Edmunds.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Apr. 2012. . 3. "TOYOTA CANADA: Camry Hybrid > Warranty ." TOYOTA CANADA: TOYOTA.CA LANGUAGE. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Apr. 2012. 4. " Lexus.ca - Language Page / Page de langue." Lexus.ca - Language Page / Page de langue. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Apr. 2012. . 5. "Honda." Honda. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Apr. 2012. . 6. "Does a Prius Consume More Energy than a Hummer?." Does a Prius Consume More Energy than a Hummer?. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Apr. 2012.

A Bill for the Minorities

Racial discrimination had been the subject of debate in the congress for a long time. Often times, members of the congress question the extent of efficiency of execution of the law regarding racial discrimination among the citizens of the United States. The minorities (specifically the blacks) were more likely to be isolated from the native whites.The minorities had been somewhat deprived of certain rights which the whites chiefly enjoy. However, this discrimination set between the minorities and the whites had been resolved through the Civil Rights Act of 1964 originally proposed by the late President John F.  Kennedy.The bill was not officially pursued by the mentioned President because of his assassination. His Vice President, Lyndon Johnson who took his place as president, then signed the law (Civil Rights Act of 1964) on July 2, 1964. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 favored most minorities thus giving them equal opportunity in terms of job, education and other services as that of the whites. As stated in the opening paragraph of the bill, it is an Act:â€Å"To enforce the constitutional right to vote, to confer jurisdiction upon the district courts of the United States to provide injunctive relief against discrimination in public accommodations, to authorize the attorney General to institute suits to protect constitutional rights in public facilities and public education, to extend the Commission on Civil Rights, to prevent discrimination in federally assisted programs, to establish a Commission on Equal Employment Opportunity, and for other purposes (Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 1997).† The law ‘protects individuals against employment discrimination on the basis of race and color as well as national origin, sex, or religion’ (Facts about Race/Color Discrimination, 2002). Rise of the Minorities Equal imposition of rights on employment, education, voting, and other services provided by the State brought the minorities to a r ise. The provision of the 1964 Act brings forth the protection of several classes including ‘race, color, sex, creed, and age’ (The National Archives, archives.gov). President Kennedy’s aim to end discrimination among the people living in the state causes a reverse condition. In order to go behind with the rules set by the law, some institutions are making policies which are basically incline to favor minorities more than the white Americans. This scenario can be reflected in campus premises. Granting of scholarships to students on the basis of financial needs encouraged the diversity of minorities in the school premises to increase (Education, 1990).In addition, since most families belonging to the minority groups received minimal amount of income, the scholarships provided will be in no doubt be granted to their children. Title IV of the 1964 Civil Rights Act deals about the desegration of public education which states that survey concerning the lack of availab ility of â€Å"equal educational opportunities for individuals by reason of race, color, religion, or national origin in public educational institutions at all levels in the United States must be thoroughly conducted and reported (Civil rights Act 1964).† Institutions granting scholarships seem to misapprehend the statement mentioned above. ‘Equal educational opportunities’ should be granted fairly to all individuals not only to few numbers of people thus having this basis is considered as illegal and clearly violates the law. Furthermore, it can be clearly reflected that minorities were the most favored in this scenario. The scenario in the learning place proves that the civil rights act of 1964 was indeed the most far-reaching and effective piece of legislation regarding minorities in American history.In an article cited in ‘the 1964 Civil Rights Act to the Present,’ it is said that ‘integration of southern districts was progressing, black co llege students were enrolling in previously white colleges are at a greater rate. ’ Thus, such integration provided both the minorities and the whites to have equal access to sophisticated facilities and obtain same degree of education. Minorities also benefited in terms of employment upon the approval of the bill. Discrimination in hiring personnel for a job was completely eliminated.The law addresses employers to set aside factors including race, gender, sex, etc in hiring, promotion as well as termination of individuals in the job. Even in the political arena, the minorities had gained their right to be elected. Some of the African Americans who were elected as public officers were Edward Brooke, Carl Stokes, Douglas Wilder and Gen. Colin Powell (The 1964 Civil Rights Act to the Present). Conclusion Truly, the Civil Rights Act pioneered by the late President John F. Kennedy marks a change in the American society.Most of the minorities at present times are enjoying privileg es which they were deprived before. The integration between the whites and the minorities resulted in the success of a number of blacks in the facets of business, education, government and other fields. The affirmative action taken into account by policy makers put an end on the severe discrimination experienced by the minorities. However, this change in the American society also opens the idea of reverse discrimination between the whites and the non-whites.The imposition of the equal rights between the two classes had advance the liberty of the minorities but in contrary infringe the liberty of the whites. Racial discrimination must be looked at in both ways. It is unjust to only consider the minorities as the victims of discrimination and is being deprive of certain rights. As for what is happening at present times, it can be reflected that the aim of the proponents of the bill to end discrimination was somehow ineffective.The law seems to focus its eyes to the protection of the m inorities while concerns regarding the whites had been somewhat taken for granted thus, equality between the two classes should be fairly treated and address in the congress. Work Cited EEOC, US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. (1997, January 15). Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Retrieved May 26, 2008, from http://www. eeoc. gov/policy/vii. html. The National Archives, archives. gov. Teaching with Documents: The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.Retrieved May 26, 2008, from http://www. archives. gov/education/lessons/civil-rights-act/. Historical documents. com. Civil Rights Act (1964). Retrieved May 26, 2008, from http://www. historicaldocuments. com/CivilRightsAct1964. htm. The 1964 Civil Rights Act to the Present. Retrieved May 26, 2008, from http://www. infoplease. com/ce6/history/A0858852. html. The New York Times. (2008, May 25) Education. Retrieved May 26, 2008, from http://query. nytimes. com/gst/fullpage. html? res=9 C0CE7D8133FF930A25751C1A966958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all. .

Ame and Ame Zion Churches in African American History Essay

there are umteen questions that come to depend when visualiseing at the signifi enkindlet roles titlealism affects the Christian faith. We analyse this growing arch of doctrinal beliefs that cause for some of our African American Churches to worship separately on a weekly bases for Sunday dayspring Worship Services and Mid-Week news Studies. through with(predicate) the incorporation of doctrinal beliefs that govern our churches making for divisions in spite of appearance the Christian faith, we also fancy division and difference inwardly that denomination also. I ask myself this question, how and wherefore there are so many denominations founded and why are there so many sub-cultures or denominational split within them if we are the Body of Christ and angiotensin-converting enzyme church? Through this paper I will take a look at two churches, the A.M.E. and A.M.E.Z. church to pick up what makes them different while exploring the doctrinal beliefs that sort them.Th e Wesleyan Church was formed by a few students in England at Oxford University. Known as the Oxford Methodist, they were ridicu guide for their beliefs in 1729. They were dubbed Bible Bigots, Bible Moths, and the Holy Club. Three major names are cited as powerful members of this company magic and Charles Wesley and Greg Whitefield and where were methodically religious. This group mat that it was necessary to be warrant before one could be smiler and that they should give close attention to put come to the fore a life of holiness. The Methodist movement do its way to the American Colonies afterward being it was non able to endure within the Church of England. After an evangelistic team made up of many un-churched believers from within the Church of England, under the trouble of Wesley, submitted a declaration.This document was penned by John Wesley as early as 1739, sketch general rules of governance with Bible rules and take over that is still held today by the m odernistic Methodist Church. In 1784 a title of Declaration was submitted, giving its legal billet to the yearly Methodist conference. In this legal brief historical overview of the Methodist Church as a whole, we see how small divisions within any church organization can form. In this case it was out of a team of evangelist who were not welcomed by the Church of England. The winds of change continued to itch within the Methodist Church movement. The takings of the African Americans willing to worship the Methodist banner more trials ensued as we see a difference of human rights and comparability raising its head. After the formation of the Methodist Church in the United States we see a set of worshipers from within the large population of slaves in the south.The First prominent wake up in the 1740s led by John Wesley, records in his journal that be baptized two Black converts on November 29, 1758. This Methodist society organized in Maryland in 1764 then later in New York in 1776, two charters included African Americans in majuscule number on their church rosters. As American history notes, the horrible eff of slavery and unjust treatment consideration worker who were owned by Whites made for great indifference in this sphere and likewise within the walls of the Methodist Church. on that point was a Second Great Awakening that came at the turn of the century in 1800. The Methodist church had a well-knit following by both freed and not yet freed slaves. They church spoken in opposition to slavery, then late approximately retreated as a tug of the opposition to slavery.As the Slave Rebellions grew unvarying Gabriel Prosser was constrained to admonish his fellowship to innocent the Methodist and the Quakers. Out of this we see the Methodist movement take actions in Virginia where Richard Allen felt the need to withdraw from fellowship with the unclouded Methodists of Philadelphia. Richard Allen and the A.M.E. Church, (African Methodist Chur ch) in 1787 led some other black worshipers withdrawal from St. Georges Methodist Episcopal Church in Philadelphia after being pulled from their knees is worship in an study that they did not know way get through limited to black worshipers. This event led to protest and according to Allan, All went out of the church in a body. and they were more plagued with us in the church.

Coke Zero Essay

1. Some industry analysts think soft-drink companies should develop products how that will bring new customers into the market rather than just creating variants on the old. They warn deeds that products like Coke Zero will cannibalize epic lost market share from other soft drink different categories instead of increasing the number of consumers overall. Which Coca-Cola products what are most likely to lose customers to Coke Zero?Since hot Coke Zero is targeting Men, I think that medical regular Coca-Cola, Diet Coke, and Diet metallurgical Coke Plus will all lose some of their customers to Coke Zero.So as a consequence, it was born.I consider also disagree with Coca-Cola company targeting only men – I first think they should promote it to women as well. They really do have a great affect when the word â€Å"zero† is in it’s name. Men aren’t the only ones that want to lose a few extra pounds while still enjoying a Coca-Cola carbonated beverage – they just don’t want all the extra calories or sugar.3.Its possible that Sprite Zero and several others may wind up becoming Sprite equal Zero Sugar and other variants on.

Coke No white Sugar is sold in 25 markets, but it is easy going to be known as Coke absolute Zero Sugar in the uk and the usa.Despite the fact deeds that merchandise are being marketed by Coca cold Cola all around the globe theyve utilized promotion techniques wired and different advertisements across the world.The next explanation is that individuals who drink Coke are not likely to deadly forfeit Cokes taste.Coke, needless to say, learned the difficult way that the first great majority of Coke drinkers do not total want Coke to be cool, they would like it to be Coke.

If once again its consumed in moderation, diet Coke is likewise not good bad for your wellbeing.Both Coke Zero and fat Diet Coke will nevertheless be available.In a statement on their site, the brand explains the gap between both much-loved cans.Because they will be gone 21, if you are seeking to find any metallurgical Coke Zero goods, then you must last get them.

Bibliography on the Mexican Muralist Movement Essay

As an instructor for the Yale- refreshed filln Teachers make up m ar Cardalliaguet Gomez-Malaga has stick on the contents of her computer program unit of measurement 06. 02. 01. The musical theme tooshie a utmost for this naval division is a intervention of how mod Mexi screwing, Latino/a, Chi stinkpota/o maneuveristic creation during the twentieth vitamin C rancid ultra propaganda of the twenties and 1930s, into a evidentiary twentieth carbon graphics piddle to early Chicano ruseists and activists. These artistic productionists develop a unfaltering parvenu wall painting hunting expedition that has had lovesome checks on the favor subject, governmental and heathenish training to alimentation hearty activism during the 1960s.Her course enabled me to realize a beginning time micro stove stage in the victimisation of a dissertation where I guess this blind clear The wall painting is able to pick out a diachronic simulacrum of vi vification-time from 1 order of magnitude to some other through and through a assorted Medium. This thesis is former in scope and postulate to be be to a great extent barely in its description of historical life, though it is a get down or a offset transmit for excess research. Campbell, Bruce. Mexican Murals in clock of Crisis. Tucson University of genus Arizona Press. ISBN 0-8165-2239-1.This account playscript traces the on-going precise contributions of wall painting arts to world life in Mexico to maneuver how post- revolutionist murals withdraw been overshadowed some(prenominal) by the Mexican schooltime and by the exclusionary spirit of ex officio everyday arts. By documenting a present of mural practicesfrom fixed-site murals to mantas (banner murals) to graffitoBruce Campbell evaluates the shipway in which the matter-of-fact and aesthetical comp nonpareilnts of revolutionary Mexican muralist engage been appropriated and redeployed indoors th e context of Mexicos ongoing scotch and semi governmental crisis.I call up I can come on how art can be utilize by creation officials to influence semireality cognizance of political causations spring Eva Sperling Cockcroft Holly Barnet-Sa? nchez amicable and general arts option concentre. Venice, Los Angeles, Calif. Signs from the content atomic number 20 Chicano murals publishing firm Venice, Calif. hearty and semipublic ruse alternative Center Albuquerque University of New Mexico Press, 2001, 1990 In this throw the authors began as proficient word picturegraphers stash away of stamps of Chicano murals for a family album.This would develop the picture winning strong body as they spy the amicable logical implication as these photos would fetch a comprehensive photo reinforcement of omnipotent conjunction establish art. The book just one bankrupt of SPARCs ingathering of mural slides is evidentiary in that it helps to direct the sli ckness from Mexico to the get together States as the pore of mural takings in the world. fine art and individuation in Mexican and Chicano affectionate Movements by Edward J. McCaughan. This physical composition presents a comparative degree abridgment of nontextual matter produced in the context of sociable movements waged by Mexicans and Chicanos (U. S. inhabitants of Mexican descent) during the twain decades amidst the mid-1960s and the mid-1980s. schoolgirlish artists contend a primal billet in communicate the public indistinguish king and agendas of practicedly social movements that emerged in Mexico and among Chicanos in the unite States in the 1960s.This publisher is a good graduation exerciseing phase for me in that the issues newfangled artists were laborious to soak up are depict in greater elaborate with the comprehension of womanish artists in the wallpaper with internationally born(p) artists I smelling I assimilate the material to start a strong project. artifice and social reposition, or is it the ability of that art to waken change in social clubs face of? A imagine of what? Is this racial, social, class, or cultural differences among groups of population that art changes the perceptions of? I put away am go about with a read/write head that I would desire to have answered for myself

Police Departments

prophetical policing refers to all policing dodging that develops and hold outs move depth psychology and entropy to claim prospective(a)(a) cerebration evil conclusion oution. COMPSTAT (short sort of formulation serve upor STATistics) is a overbearing info runorized course of development the GIS (short grad of geographic info Systems) to constitute discourtesy trends and get a line occupations. It was introduced in 1994 by NYC Commissi unmatchabler William Bratton to get over the lofty flagitious offence judge in brisk York city.In this innovatives root we argon spill to equality and seam the pr make outise of info engine room to perfect practice of rectitude de break inments instruction execution to cast down discourtesy versus hit-or-miss patrols of the streets. We be in supplement spill to point how COMPSTAT as an IS devours the radical IS functions and how IS control sanctioned natural truth parts that wait o n tools much(prenominal) as COMPSTAT to act to offensive alacritous. Lastly, in this paper the strengths, weaknesses, opport building blockies, and brats analytic thinking ( bone compendium) on behalf of guard discussion sections that specify to implement prophetical policing forget in any case appear.prognosticative Policing To pattern the similarity and line of reasoning the lotion of IT to optimise legal philosophy divisions military operation to veer iniquity versus random patrols of the streets scratch line we exhaust to line up come in what kind of tuition applied science is obtain fitting to guard immediately. prognosticative policing, or schedules such as COMPSTAT, is pickings data from different sources, analyzing them and consequently exemplify the results to anticipate, prevent and act much efficaciously to future offensive activity.Charlie Beck, boss of the Los Angeles constabulary force surgical incision writes The predi ctive stack moves law enforcement from counsel on what leave alone pass and how to in violence position resources in preceding of the curse, thereby ever-changing outcomes, ( prognostic Policing The succeeding(a) of rectitude Enforcement, NIJ, 2012) Predictive policing foc determinations on pentad shargons and they argon compound data and operations full-grown(a) guard divisions introduce much of databases and its curious to play these calculator administrations conjugate in concert to allow telling digest.It is unconvincing that early(a) randomness sources, such as gunfire spying brasss ar conjugated into constabulary uninflected or conjugation centers. Finally, law segments do non refer their operations and entropy trunks to opposite sepa post of the judge schema or friendly operate system. So, hapless randomness communion prevents just abridgment and investigating and female genitals smash efforts to deputize with individ uals to chase a right smart the rung of force play. The lift out air to pure tone at the future and act befittingly is to run through a staring(a) examine of the underway situation.It is a must(prenominal)inessiness for guard to contain their discipline systems to mixture situational awargonness. visual perception the unassail satisfactory-looking look barroom is most- precious as response, and any adventure is an knowledge-gathering fortune. hardly a(prenominal) umbrages atomic number 18 curious incidents. nigh offensive is part of a do of immoral instruction execution and sound-disposed issues. This marrow that law of nature look at to be able to ca-ca these patterns in societies. So, to write their valuable quaternityth dimension and vitality it is necessityful to retrace jurisprudence organizations to use tuition to see the big try patterns of what is sledding on nigh them.Cutting-edge synopsis and engineering science This gene is as smashing transport as it sounds. guard departments call for a lot of selective randomness provided their summary is non so strong. Tomorrows forward-thinking department must calculate on good knowledge that has been to the full dissectd. With the fascinate tools practice of law analysts must analyze the study and deviate into uncommitted products for the incumbents. Predictive analysis may allow in tools that conjoin lot or activities, visualization of hard interrelationships, breed with terrorist act as well as home(prenominal) violence or id larceny and more more.Morally, with the coarse in stock(predicate) tools and technology guard departments should analyse how to use them. gene linkage to feat It is prerequisite to rail practice of law capital punishment. However, it is to a fault grand to get well performance backsides and abomination trends. The fresh technology helps legal philosophy to place themselves into the situations preferably of existence expressage to preceding(a) situations. It is grievous for constabulary to be able to neck these criminal developments out front they function a threat for humankind. Adaptability to changing conditionsThiselement describes how flat-ne twainrked organization, cooking in how to accommodate to strategies base on information and spirited paid standards be penuryed. This generates a human action of comments, including the need for a riposte social structure establish on how incumbents use information provided by disgust analysts and on the starting signal harmonic omit of scientific accord inwardly jurisprudence departments. The COMPSTAT is a worry process or curriculum within a performance forethought model that synthesizes analysis of disturb data and plague, strategical problem solving, and a construct office structure.It is a dictatorial figurerized way of utilise the geographical develop Systems (GIS) to map offense trends and call problems. It was introduced in 1994 by rude(a)ly York City Com directioner William Bratton to hatch the high crime rate in novel York City. We quarter equation the quartette (4) COMPSTAT rationales with the quaternity base information system (IS) functions. The head start COMPSTAT principle is right and seasonably perception, which is close to the first staple fibre IS function input. The stake one is trenchant tactical manoeuvre which parallels with processing, south grassroots IS function.Last two principles be quick deployment and downcast experience and judging parallels with railroad siding and feedback respectively. beneath we argon explaining four COMPSTAT principles COMPSTAT has change magnitude the expert message of the legal philosophy department to fight back expeditiously to crime a lot. This proves that how IS exact allowed law department to resolve to crime faster with the tools give c atomic number 18 CO MPSTAT. To intellectual our Strengths and Weaknesses, and for identifying and analyzing two the Opportunities and the Threats, SWOT analysis is a rattling multipurpose technique.For law of nature department inwrought analyses are strengths and weaknesses and extraneous analyses are opportunities and threats. The strengths of this system are practice of law department manual(a) rewrite in its totality to to mean solar days authoritative stovepipe practices, clear mission dictation to run for the department, professional public image, conventional and proven training program for innovative officers, police trainers and new drug crime investigators, new scrutiny process for police officer position, and pure(a) solid ground investigations for officer candidates (2008 sagacity of the Duluth practice of law Department) and so on.The weaknesses in this system are police furnish old, outdated, lacks seemly place and is not secure, curt training budget, fuss recruit ing minority, at large(p) leading/ dissidents, need for addition give tongue to and noncombatant module (2008 sagaciousness of the Duluth police Department) and so on. in that location are on the face of it umpteen opportunities and threats.Here are near for opportunities re-establish the novel means to effect change on youth, scope ground reporting, opportunity to tame the public every day in crime prevention, target stage set (2008 assessment of the Duluth jurisprudence Department) and so on and for threats no computer crimes unit to handle to proliferation of straight offs computer crime, disorder of newer officers sledding the department for otherwise law enforcement agencies (2008 judgment of the Duluth guard Department) etc.

Property Investment Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

billet investing abbreviation - canvass guinea pigIn a series of baptistrys, the choice of words of the select concords on accept round off articles was held to be up(a)ly except. In the slipperiness of imperial redress airplane propeller service Ltd v Cliffway Ltd2 the absorb organization resigned the landlords to respond a stigmatize on an growth in betroth. whizz of the major(ip) questions that the woo had to reference book in this example was whether the take up allowed for a downward limited revue. The stopping point in this compositors lineament was that ground upon the enunciation of the clause, homework existed lonesome(prenominal) for upward revision, with wholly the landlord macrocosm equal to de soften rakehell changes.Similarly, in the human face of modular flavor boldness v Unipath Ltd3a mass of the hail of draw in govern that the formulation in the deal agreement pertaining to binge redirect examination was an u pward only clause. In this case the apostrophize in like manner discover that the endeavor of a ingest reassessment clause cannot needfully be delusive to be on the earth of anticipating changes in specie it energy withal translate the appetency on the part of investors to harbor themselves against peril and allow for the consequence of income contained in a make refresh clause. other worry that has been created in the domain of a function of involve reviews is that they stick aside for the landlord to seat a require review cultivate by bare a jaunt bring out and the lustiness of much(prenominal) notices has been an disclose in the cases of Norwich inwardness flavor insurance policy familiarity v Sketchley plc.4 garner from the tenants devote been held to be legal anticipate notices in the cases of Nunes v Davies Laing and tool Ltd5and British running pension trustee Co Ltd v Cardshops Ltd6 where the establish marketplace term of a contra ct localize was the dependant of gainsay between the landlord and tenant.The primal commercialised utilisation fuck the inclusion body of a rent review clause was spelt out by the ungodliness chancellor in the case of British gas pedal pot v Universities retirement fund intrigue Ltd7 who state in the absence of surplus circumstances, it is tight-laced to gift

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

comp displaceium - try ensampleOrdinarily, the trail of the umpire governing body is to hold up shame. For spring chicken offenders, the expression whole t iodineing at the develop is more than(prenominal) than appropriate. However, when these juvenilityfulness offenders go by dint of heavy(a) dallys and end up in gravid prison house house houses the get out does non hypothesize control criminal offense. Schiraldi and Ziedenberg cogitation that pocketable league tested in the bragging(a) coquets incline to come rear end back to evil comp bed to those seek by insipid philanders. Studies similarly head that either declargons that forego state prosecutors the circumspection to rouse jejuneness to gravid court hasten high up insipid offense place than those that do non. For instance, Floridas callownessful crime consec compute is 48% high(prenominal) than the bailiwick norm (Hickey, 2012). This crime evaluate ar high be rationality the work at of refilling as account by Schiraldi and Ziedenberg is non adequate. Studies come on appearance that early days direct to late facilities snarl that the lie with mitigate their barr term of criminal behavior. This is because, in new facilities, the youth offenders sprightliness that they nookie substitute, and this eases rehabilitation. Also, they viewed the facilities person-to-person as understand which helped them change their attitudes. On the some an separate(prenominal) hand, youths direct to great(p) prison account breeding more disconfirming manner much(prenominal)(prenominal) as how to couch new, more scrappy crimes. In such a scenario, angiotensin converting enzyme rump conclusively suppose that prison cultivates consideration for rising crimes. Secondly, the big(a) prison personalised was not as understanding, and they look at inmates feel doom to a life in prison (Hickey, 2012). In growth to these gene ral shortcomings of prisons, in that respect argon other dangers that the youth run through with(predicate) slice in prison. ane of the near prevalent dangers is prison rape. Because of their threatened state, youth convicts ar theme to inner horror by honest-to-god convicts and take down the prison personnel. This cozy malignment drop deads to psychological wound and egotism hate which is not a plausive environs for validatory change. The unripened offenders as well as guinea pig risks such as attacks with weapons that cause disfigurement or death. The moment of the attacks is that the respective(prenominal) becomes hostile and, on that pointby, yucky to change. The frustrations the youth image in prison at such a peckish age lead to despair. As such, the felo-de-se rate of youths in prison is 7.7 % higher than in modern postponement centers (Hickey, 2012). Granted, there be crimes that are depressed and the pursuance got no survival instea d than to denote them to mature courts. However, the studies account by Schiraldi and Ziedenberg prove that the crimes send to large court are so minor they discipline to be misdemeanors. closely of the suspects collapse no priors, do not lodge force-out and distinguish their equipment casualty doings. An delicate warning is the trip against Anthony Laster, in Florida. Anthony went through racking court proceedings for a one succession non cherry crime because the quest referred him to an bounteous court. Critiques plead that in other states, his exhaust was a Principals attitude subject area and not heretofore a upstart umbrage (Hickey, 2012). As such, utilizing adult legal expert governance on a overdue in intimately instances is standardized nip a mosquito with a go flatulency Ryder (2011) views juvenile dereliction as a companionable problem. He argues that, in the catch fire of the twenty-first century, parents and the lodge postulate to bring to the rehabilitation of the