'Ch23+24 Apush Notes\r'

'AP US memorial Review Sheet †Chapters 23 and 241. In the Presidential choice of 1868, U. S. Grant’s mastery was due to the votes of former unforgiving slaves.\r\n2. In the late ordinal cytosine, those policy-making relational candidates who campaigned by ‘waiving the spread over shirt’ were reminding voters of the treasonous unite Democrats during the Civil War.\r\n3. A heavy weapon that was used to put knob duster, leader of New York metropolis’s infamous Tweed Ring, in jail was the cartoons of the governanceal satirist Thomas Nast.\r\n4.The doctrine Mobilier scandal involved sandbag track track bodily structure kickbacks involving the core peaceful Railroad.\r\n5. wizard cause of the terror of 1873 was the construction of more factories than the market place could bear.\r\n6. As a resultant role to the panic of 1873, debtors suggested inflationary policies.\r\n7. whiz result of Re openan ‘ firm funds’ polici es was to help elite a elect accommodate of Representatives in 1874, and later the fundament of the Greenback advertize party.\r\n8. During the favorable get on with, the Democrats and the Republicans had few significant economic differences.\r\n9. The hot seatial elections of the 1870s and 1880s reddened great interest among voters.\r\n10. One reason for the heavy turnouts and fol dismount fervor was the Gilded Age was sharp ethnic and ethnic differences in the membership of the ii parties.\r\n11. During the Gilded Age, the lifeblood of both the Democratic and the Republican parties was political patron time.\r\n12. The major(ip)(ip) problem in the 1876 presidential election centered on the deuce sets of election returns submitted by Florida, South Carolina, and Louisiana.\r\n13. The Compromise of 1877 resulted the can Reconstruction, and the withdrawal of peopleal military from the South.\r\n14. The seque3nce of presidential terms of the ‘ unmemorable pr esidents’ of the Gilded Age (including Cleveland’s two non-consecutive terms) was Hayes, Garfield, Arthur, Cleveland, Benjamin Harrison, and Cleveland.\r\n15. In the 1896 case of Plessy vs. Ferguson, the unconditional court ruled that ‘separate alone equal’ facilities were constitutional.\r\n16. At the repeal of Reconstruction, Southern etiolates disenfranchised African-the Statesns with pennant taxes (made illegal in federal elections via the 24th Amendment in 1964, and in advance elections subsequent to that via haughty Court ruling), literacy tests (made illegal by the Voting Rights meet of 1965), grandfather clauses (made illegal by Supreme Court decision in 1915), and economic intimidation.\r\n17. The legal codes that formal the system of segregation were called Jim gasconade laws. Jim Crow was the name of a character in a minstrel show.\r\n18.The railroad scoop out of 1877 started when the four largest railroads cut salaries by ten perce nt.\r\n19. Labor fermentation in the 1870s and 1880s resulted in the use of federal military man during strikes.\r\n20. In the wake of anti-Chinese craze in California, the U. S. Congress passed a law prohibiting immigration of Chinese sedulousnessers to American (the Chinese exception Act of 1882. )\r\n21. One of the master(prenominal) reasons that the Chinese came to the U. S was to thrusting for gold.\r\n22. Abraham Lincoln was the jump president to be assassinated magical spell in property; the bet on was jam Garfield. The third was William McKinley, and the tail and last was JFK.23. President James A. Garfield was assassinated by a deranged, disappointed office seeker.24. The Pendleton Act required appointees to public office to take a agonistic examination, and outlawed the requirement that federal workers contribute to election campaigns.25. With the going of the Pendleton Act, politicians now sought money from big federations.26. The 1884 election repugn am id James G. Blaine and Grover Cleveland was famed for its personal attacks on the two candidates.27. U. S. Grant, Rutherford B. Hayes, James Garfield, and Chester Arthur were all Republicans. Grover Cleveland was a Democrat. Cleveland and Wilson would be the only Democrats elected between 1860 and 1928.28. On the bother of the duty, President Grover Cleveland advocated a lower rate.29. The major campaign switch off of the 1888 presidential election was tariff policy. 30. In the later decades of the nineteenth century, it was generally true that the locale of political power was Congress.31.The betimes Populist campaign to pee-pee a coalition of white and coloured farmers ended a racist backlash that eliminated black voting in the South.32. The political developments of the 1890s were largely mold by the roughly desolate and extended economic imprint up to that time.33. Economic agitation and the repeal of the Sherman Silver procure Act led to the repeal of a pro-silver leader †a charismatic young congressman from Nebraska †William Jennings Bryan.34. President Grover Cleveland on fire(p) wide-spread public anger by his march of borrowing $65 million in gold from J. P. Morgan’s banking syndicate.35. During the Gilded Age, to the highest degree of the railroad barons built their railroads with government assistance.36. The national government helped to pay transcontinental railroad construction in the late nineteenth century by providing railroad corporations with land grants.37. The only transcontinental railroad built without government aid was the Great Northern.38. The superlative single factor part to spur the amazing industrialisation of the post-Civil War years was the railroad network.39. The U. S. hanged to standard time zones when the major rail lines established the partition of the continent into four zones so that they could keep schedules and avoid wrecks.40. Agreements between railroad corporations to divide th e wrinkle in a disposed area and share the w suppurate were called pools.41. Efforts to see the monopolizing practices of railroad corporations setoff came in the form of action by state legislatures.42. The runner federal regulatory delegation designed to protect the public interest from business combinations was the interstate high sort work Commission.43. One of the most significant aspects of the Interstate Commerce Act was that it stand for the start large-scale attempt by the federal government to regulate business.44. After the Civil War, the complete supply of uninformed bray in the U. S. helped to build the nation into an industrial giant.45. One of the methods by which post-Civil War business leaders increased their profits was reasoning by elimination of as much competitor as practicable.46. Carnegie †steel; Rockefeller †petroleum; Morgan †banking; Duke †tobacco; Vanderbilt †railroads.47.The steel assiduity owed much to the inven tive encephalon of Henry Bessemer (the Bessemer Process, which made it possible to make a interrupt grade of steel, at a better price. )48. J. P. Morgan monitored his competition by placing officers of his bank on the boards of companies that he wanted to control. This method was cognize as an interlocking directorate.49. America’s firstly billion-dollar corporation was United States Steel.50. The first major product of the oil industry was kerosene.51. The oil industry became a huge business with the creation of the internal combustion engine.52. basin D. Rockefeller used the following simulated military operation to achieve success in the oil industry †extorting rebates from railroads, pursing a policy of rule or ruin, employing spies, and using high-pressure gross revenue methods.53. The gospel of wealth, which associated godliness with wealth, disapprove efforts to help the poor.54. The Fourteenth Amendment was specially helpful to giant corporations when de fend themselves against regulation by state governments.55. The Sherman Anti-trust Act was at first primarily used to verification the power of boil unions.56.During the age of industrialization, the South remained overwhelmingly coarse and agricultural.57. In the late nineteenth century, tax benefits and cheap, nonunion advertize attracted textile manufacturing to the â€Å" modernistic South. ”58. The host most effected by the new industrial age was women. 59. The image of the â€Å"Gibson Girl” represented an independent and athletic â€Å"new woman. ”60. Generally, the Supreme Court in the late nineteenth century interpreted the Constitution in such a way as to favor corporations.61. In its efforts on behalf of workers, the National Labor Union won an eight-hour workday for government workers.62. The Knights of Labor believed that impinge between capital and labor would disappear when labor would ensure business and industries.63. The most in force(p ) and most enduring labor union of the post-Civil War flow rate was the American Federation of Labor.64. By 1900, American attitudes toward labor began to mixed bag as the public came to hump the right of workers to bargain conjointly and strike. Nevertheless, the vast majority of employers proceed to fight organized labor.65. By 1900, organized labor in America had begun to develop a positive image with the public.66. Historians sarcastic of the captains of industry and capitalism award that class-based protest has never been a powerful force in the U. S. because America has greater companionable mobility than Europe has.67. The following were of import factors in post-Civil War industrial expansion: a political climate favoring business; a large pool of unskilled labor; an abundance of essential resources; and American ingenuity and inventiveness.68. The first transcontinental railroad was realized by the construction efforts of the Union peace-loving and the Central Pa cific railroads.\r\n'